Leslie Cheung
Leslie Cheung | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
張國榮 | |||||||||||||
Pronunciation | Cheung Kwok-wing[1] | ||||||||||||
Born | Cheung Fat-chung 12 September 1956 | ||||||||||||
Died | 1 April 2003 Mandarin Oriental, Hong Kong, China | (aged 46)||||||||||||
Resting place | Po Fook Hill, Sha Tin, New Territories | ||||||||||||
Citizenship | |||||||||||||
Alma mater | University of Leeds | ||||||||||||
Occupations |
| ||||||||||||
Years active | 1977–2003 | ||||||||||||
Height | 1.74 m (5 ft 8+1⁄2 in)[2][3] | ||||||||||||
Partner | Daffy Tong (1990–2003) | ||||||||||||
Musical career | |||||||||||||
Also known as | Elder Brother (Chinese: 哥哥)[4][5][6] | ||||||||||||
Genres | |||||||||||||
Instrument | Vocals | ||||||||||||
Labels | |||||||||||||
Cheung Kwok-wing | |||||||||||||
Traditional Chinese | 張國榮 | ||||||||||||
Simplified Chinese | 张国荣 | ||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||
Cheung Fat-chung | |||||||||||||
Traditional Chinese | 張發宗 | ||||||||||||
Simplified Chinese | 张发宗 | ||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||
Signature | |||||||||||||
Leslie Cheung Kwok-wing[A] (12 September 1956 – 1 April 2003), born Cheung Fat-chung, was a Hong Kong singer and actor. One of the most influential cultural icons in the Chinese world, Cheung was known for his debonair demeanor, flamboyant screen characters, and avant-garde, androgynous stage presence. Throughout his 26-year career, he released over 40 music albums and acted in 56 films.[7]
Born in Kowloon, British Hong Kong, Cheung studied in England since the age of 12 until he returned home in 1976. He garnered attention in 1977 when entering RTV's Asian Singing Contest and achieved popularity in 1984 with a hit single "Monica." Cheung is regarded as one of the founding fathers of Cantopop for defining the music genre in the 1980s.[8] He announced his "retirement" from music in 1989 and emigrated to Canada the following year, but returned to Hong Kong in 1994. His reemergence from the musical retirement in the late 1990s, particularly in his 1996 album Red, was marked by sonic experimentation and daring imagery.
In addition to music, Cheung achieved pan-Asian fame with such films as A Better Tomorrow (1986) and A Chinese Ghost Story (1987). He won the Best Actor at the 1991 Hong Kong Film Awards for his role in Days of Being Wild (1990), and became world-renowned for his performances in Farewell My Concubine (1993) and Happy Together (1997).
On 1 April 2003, Cheung, suffering from clinical depression, committed suicide by jumping off the 24th floor of the Mandarin Oriental hotel, Hong Kong. In 2010, he was voted third of CNN's most iconic musicians of all time, after Michael Jackson and The Beatles.[9]
Early life
[edit]Cheung was born in Kowloon, British Hong Kong, the youngest of 10 children in a middle-class Hakka family. His father, Cheung Wut-hoi, was a well-known tailor who specialised in suits, whose customers included Western celebrities such as film director Alfred Hitchcock and actors Marlon Brando and Cary Grant.[10][11] Despite his father's reputation in the fashion industry, Cheung was uninspired by the profession.[12] Cheung told many interviewers that he had an unhappy childhood,[13] feeling emotionally estranged from his father and siblings, and frequently witnessing arguments and fights in the household. He felt "depressed sometimes" and longed for affection from his parents who were absent most of the time in his childhood.[12] His father's abusive treatment of his mother had a lasting effect on Cheung's perspectives on marriage.[14] When Cheung's father married another woman, his emotional life further deteriorated. He was brought up by his grandmother, whom he was very close to. Cheung summed up his upbringing as a "silent resentment" with "nothing worth remembering", except for the death of his grandmother when he was in primary school, which was the "one thing that I do remember about my childhood."[12]
Cheung attended Rosaryhill School for secondary education in Hong Kong and, at age 12, enrolled at an independent boys boarding school Eccles Hall School Quideham near Norwich in England.[12][14] During his time at Rosaryhill, Cheung did poorly academically, except that he excelled in the English language. He discovered a newfound interest in Western films and immersed himself in music, studying the original soundtrack of Romeo and Juliet.[12] He recalled that there were "racial problems" when he was in England, but he managed to make friends. During weekends, he worked as a bartender and sometimes did amateur singing at his relatives' restaurant in Southend-on-Sea. He came across the film Gone with the Wind and chose Leslie as his English name inspired by the actor Leslie Howard, feeling that "The name can be a man's or woman's, it's very unisex."[14]
Cheung attended the University of Leeds, where he studied textile management. After one year of study, in 1976, he returned to Hong Kong when his father became paralysed on one side of the body after a stroke. As the father wanted all of his children to be at home, Cheung abandoned his study and became a salesman for Levi's for a living. Cheung recalled that during this time, "I had no plans; there I was, feeling like I was hanging in the middle of nowhere."[15]
Career
[edit]Beginnings
[edit]Upon returning to Hong Kong Cheung went back to high school as a mature student and formed a band, in which he was the lead singer with his classmates. In May 1977, the band members signed up individually for RTV's Asian Singing Contest. Only Cheung remained until the final round of the Hong Kong division, where he finished as the first runner-up with a rendition of "American Pie".[16] He proceeded to the pan-Asian division, finishing fifth.[12] Soon after the competition, RTV offered Cheung a three-year contract as a second-rate actor for RTV.[17] He also signed with Polydor Records with hopes of releasing music albums.[12]
Cheung's career in show business did not take off immediately. His first film role was in Erotic Dream of the Red Chamber (紅樓春上春, 1978), a softcore porn production that features his bare buttocks.[13] His first two albums were solely recorded in English, and his third album, Lover's Arrow (情人箭, 1979) was recorded in Cantonese.[17] The albums failed commercially, and critics lambasted Cheung's voice as "chicken-like".[16] Cheung's first public performance at the 1977 Hong Kong Pop Folk Music Festival was booed off the stage by the audience.[12] He described his early days into show business as "full of uncertainty ... I remember well that my singing career at the early stage was like 'a person running into a rock', full of despair and obstacles."[16] Seeing little potential in Cheung, Polydor allowed him to depart on his own terms.[12]
1982–1989: Cantopop success and film crossover
[edit]Cheung signed with Capital Artists, a record label closely associated with the then-dominant television network TVB, in 1982. His first hit single, "The Wind Blows On" (風繼續吹), is a cover version of Momoe Yamaguchi's Japanese single "The Other Side of Goodbye" (さよならの向こう側). The song was successful on charts, revitalising Cheung's image as a Cantopop singer.[17] The titular album was Cheung's first to be certified gold by the International Federation of the Phonographic Industry (IFPI) Hong Kong.[18] His second album with Capital, Craziness (一片痴), is a compilation of songs he recorded for TVB dramas.[19] The album was also a success, receiving a gold certification from the IFPI Hong Kong.[20] He continued his movie crossover with roles mostly in teenage films, and earned his first major recognition for starring in Nomad (1982).[21] While Cheung had already been a well-known actor with likeable personae in TVB productions, his role as a disillusioned teenager in Nomad foresaw his future reputation as an icon of rebel.[22] The role garnered Cheung a nomination for Best Actor at the 1983 Hong Kong Film Awards.[17]
The year 1984 was when Cheung achieved mass stardom. He released the hit single "Monica", a cover of the single by Japanese singer Kōji Kikkawa. The song topped charts in Hong Kong[23] and was one of the 10 gold-certified songs honoured at TVB's 1984 Jade Solid Gold Best Ten Music Awards[24] and the 1984 RTHK Top 10 Gold Songs Awards.[25] The song's upbeat dance production introduced a new musical trend to Cantopop, in addition to the traditional sentimental ballads that had dominated the scene.[23] Cheung's 1984 self-titled album, which included "Monica", was his first to be certified platinum by the IFPI Hong Kong and sold over 200,000 copies.[23][26] He starred in the TVB drama Once Upon an Ordinary Girl (儂本多情, 1984) and the film Behind the Yellow Line (1984). In the latter, he co-starred with actress Maggie Cheung and singer-actress Anita Mui. Both productions were commercially successful and put Cheung into the limelight as a prominent entertainer.[23] As Cheung's fame expanded, the media began to pit him against fellow singer-actor Alan Tam, as the two were the most successful male Cantopop singers at the moment. The publicised so-called rivalry contributed to Cantopop's booming sales and lasted until the end of the 1980s.[27]
Cheung's next albums with Capital were met with similar success. For Your Heart Only (為你鍾情, 1985) yielded the hit single "Wild Wind" (不羈的風), which was among the 10 gold-certified songs honoured at both TVB's Jade Solid Gold and RTHK Top 10 awards. The album also included songs Cheung recorded for TVB dramas, propelling his image as a romantic male lead.[23] His 1986 single "Who Feels the Same?" (有誰共鳴) won the Gold Song Gold Award, the distinction for the most popular song of the year, at TVB's Jade Solid Gold Awards. With this achievement, Cheung became an arguably undisputed royalty of Cantopop.[28] After the release of "Who Feels the Same?", he left Capital and joined Cinepoly Records,[23] under which his first album was Summer Romance (1987). The album was the best-selling Cantopop release of the year, earning seven times platinum certification from the IFPI Hong Kong and sold over 350,000 copies.[29] Its lead single, "Sleepless Night" (無心睡眠), won the Gold Song Gold Award at the 1987 Jade Solid Gold Awards.[23] The next two albums, Virgin Snow and Hot Summer, both were released in 1988 and sold well, receiving gold and platinum certifications from the IFPI Hong Kong.[23][26]
A turning point in his burgeoning acting career came when he was cast in John Woo‘s action film A Better Tomorrow (1986), in which he played a youthful and impulsive police officer torn between justice and his criminal brother.[21] The film, along with A Chinese Ghost Story (1987), propelled him to pan-Asian fame, especially in South Korea and Japan.[30] He then starred opposite his real life friend Anita Mui in Rouge (1988),[14][31] which consolidated the pair's reputation as the top Hong Kong entertainers.[32] Yiu-wai Chu, author of the book Hong Kong Cantopop: A Concise History (2017), noted that Cheung and Mui formed an "unprecedented" chemistry showcasing "mystic power of charisma", not only in films but also on stage performances together.[31]
Cheung embarked on a 23-date tour at the Hong Kong Coliseum in mid-1988, sponsored by Pepsi. The tour was a sold-out and accumulated over 250,000 spectators.[33] He also held several shows catering to the Chinese community in North America, visiting Atlantic City, Calgary, Toronto, and Vancouver.[34] In light of the 1989 Tiananmen Square protests and the upcoming handover of Hong Kong, many Hong Kongers emigrated to Western countries. Following suit, Cheung announced his "retirement" from singing and emigrated to Vancouver, Canada, in 1989.[35] Prior to his retirement, Cheung released three further albums under Cinepoly—Leslie '89, Salute, Final Encounter—all of which received platinum certifications from the IFPI Hong Kong.[26] He won Most Popular Male Artist twice, at the 1988 and 1989 Jade Solid Gold Best Ten Music Awards.[36][37] His "farewell concert tour", in support of the album Final Encounter, ran for 33 consecutive sold-out shows at the Hong Kong Coliseum.[31] Cheung donated profits of his 1989 album Salute to the Hong Kong Academy for Performing Arts, which was named the Leslie Cheung Memorial Scholarship after his death.[38]
1990–1995: Music hiatus and major film roles
[edit]After giving up singing, Cheung focused on his film career. He won the Best Actor at the 1991 Hong Kong Film Awards for his role in Wong Kar-Wai's Days of Being Wild (1990). He gained international acclaim for his role as a cross-dressing Peking opera actor in Farewell My Concubine (1993), which became the first Chinese film to win the Palme d'Or at Cannes.[39] According to Chen Kaige and Lu Wei, director and scriptwriter of the film, respectively, Cheung lost Best Actor by one vote because a Cannes jury member mistook Cheung for a woman and voted him for Best Actress.[40][41]
Although Cheung quit his singing career from 1989 to 1995, he composed more than ten songs during that time. In 1993, he won Best Original Movie Song Award from Golden Horse Film Festival for the theme song Red Cheek, White Hair for The Bride with White Hair (as a film score composer). In 1995, he wrote all three theme songs for the film The Phantom Lover (1995). As for songwriting, Cheung won four nominations for Best Original Movie Song Award at the Golden Horse Film Festival and Awards and two nominations for Best Original Film Song at the Hong Kong Film Awards.
1995–2003: Return to music and Passion Tour
[edit]In 1995 Cheung signed a contract with Rock Records. The same year he released his comeback album, Beloved, winning the award of IFPI Best Selling Album.[42][43] Since his 1996 album Red, Cheung started a full-on collaboration with composer C. Y. Kong and lyricist Lin Xi, embracing a daring, self-reflective, and sexually ambiguous style of expression. Cheung's 1999 song "Left and Right Hand" (左右手) suggests at his sexuality and his 2000 song "I" (我), with two versions of lyrics in Mandarin and Cantonese by Lin Xi, is known as his come-out song.[44] In 2001, Cheung directed the music video for his song "Bewildered" (夢到內河) with the help of William Chang, the production designer of The Days of Being Wild. The video, featuring intimacy between Japanese ballet dancer Nishijima Kazuhiro and Cheung,[45] was banned by Hong Kong's public broadcaster TVB for promoting homosexuality; Cheung refused to edit the scenes out.[45]
Cheung was consecutively nominated for Best Actor at Cannes for Chen Kaige's Temptress Moon (1996) and Wong Kar-wai's Happy Together (1997). In 1998, he was a member of the jury at the 48th Berlin International Film Festival.[46] Cheung's last concert tour, Passion Tour, took place in Hong Kong and overseas from 2000 to 2001. He collaborated with fashion designer Jean Paul Gaultier, who transformed Cheung "From Angel to Devil" in four costumes: the Angel, the Pretty Boy, the Latin Lover, and the Devil – denoting cross-cultural drag and focusing on Cheung's androgyny and bisexuality.[45] The Passion Tour broke attendance records throughout Asia, including a record for the first foreign artist to hold 16 concerts in Japan.[47] Although the concert was acclaimed in Japan, Korea, and Canada, it was panned in Hong Kong mainly for his gender-crossing.[45] Both Cheung and his agent Florence Chen attributed his later depression to the hostile reception from the Hong Kong media about the tour.[48][45] In 2011, CCTV-15 commented that the Passion Tour represented the highest standard of Chinese concerts in performance, art concept, costume props and audience response, and had never been surpassed.[45]
Philanthropy
[edit]Cheung was a supporter of several charities concerning children's welfare. He was a patron of the Children's Cancer Foundation, a charity that cares for young children with cancer and their families. Cheung donated HK$1 million (US$128,000) in 1996 and launched five sets of RED cards to help raise funds for the Children's Cancer Foundation.[49] He was the first Cantopop star to launch a charity fundraising at a concert. In 1996, although he rarely sang in public at that time, he sang three theme songs from his films to raise money for the elderly.[50] For his 1997 concert at the HK Coliseum, Cheung set up a collection booth for the RED Card charity. Donations of HK$100 or above could obtain a set of cards. Cheung said, "I will lead the way, so I donated HK$1,000,000 to Hong Kong children's cancer fund in my own name." The concert raised more than HK$800,000, to which Cheung and his friends added more than HK$100,000, and made up a million Hong Kong dollars to donate to the cancer fund.[51] He was also a patron of the End Child Sexual Abuse Foundation (ECSAF) (護苗基金), founded by veteran actress Josephine Siao (蕭芳芳).
In 1999, at a party to raise relief funds in the aftermath of the Taiwan earthquake, Cheung participated in a fried rice tasting event. He donated HK$250,000 for a bowl of rice; this was matched by fan donations, bringing the total to HK$500,000.[52] In 2000, Sun Entertainment opened the "Star Second-hand Shop", where second-hand goods donated by celebrities were auctioned to raise money for the "Sun Love Fund". Leslie Cheung was known for his very good fashion sense and he was the first to donate three well-loved, carefully selected pieces to the auction.[53] Leslie also donated his beloved badminton racket to IDclub Taiwan, to be auctioned to raise money for the children's cancer fund.[54] In 1999 and 2000, he appeared in TVB charity shows to help raise funds for ECSAF, in which he was appointed a goodwill ambassador in 2002.[55] In 2003, Cheung donated HK$100,000 to the Seedling protection fund, who were holding a large-scale charity night on 12 March. He told his party guests to give him cash instead of presents, then he donated all of the money that he received to the fund.[56]
Personal life
[edit]In 1977, during the filming of the RTV series Love Story, the then 20-year-old Cheung met and fell in love with his 17-year-old co-star, Teresa Mo (毛舜筠), and they began dating after finishing the series. In 1979, Cheung proposed to Mo, but his sudden proposal startled her and she began to distance herself from him. Although Cheung and Mo eventually broke up after the proposal and briefly lost contact, they remained close friends after they had reunited for the 1992 film All's Well, Ends Well.
Cheung later went into a brief relationship with actress Shirley Yim (雪梨), the younger sister of Michelle Yim, but they broke up in 1980, due to their incompatibility for each other's lifestyles. Cheung and Ngai Sze-pui (倪詩蓓), a Hong Kong model and actress whom he met on the set of ATV series Agency 24, were in a relationship for two years from 1981 to 1983.[57][58] In 1984, at the house of Albert Yeung, Cheung met Cindy Yeung (楊諾詩), the youngest daughter of Albert Yeung who had recently returned from Boston. Yeung was also a fan of Cheung and was seven years younger than him. They went out on several dates until Yeung returned to Boston. They continued their relationship through phone calls and letters, but would part ways in the following year, still remaining good friends. Cheung felt that if he had not been in the showbusiness, he could have already been married with children, like most of his friends.
Cheung and Daffy Tong Hok-tak (唐鶴德), godson of Cheung's mother, knew each other since childhood. During his concert at the Hong Kong Coliseum in 1997, Cheung sang the love song “The Moon Represents My Heart” (月亮代表我的心) and dedicated it to his mother and Tong. This moment is seen as an official recognition of Cheung's relationship with Tong, making him one of the first public figures in the Chinese world to come out.[45][59]
In an interview in 1992, Cheung stated that "My mind is bisexual. It's easy for me to love a woman. It's also easy for me to love a man, too" and "I believe that a good actor would be androgynous, and ever changing."[45] In 2000, Cheung talked about his love life: "In terms of lovers, I think I can be a better friend than a lover. Because I am a workaholic. To share my romance, that person has to compromise something."[60] In a 2001 interview with Time magazine, Cheung said: "It's more appropriate to say I'm bisexual. I've had girlfriends. When I was 22 or so, I asked my girlfriend Teresa Mo to marry me."[61]
Death and legacy
[edit]Cheung died by suicide on 1 April 2003 at 6:43 pm (HKT).[62] He leapt from the 24th floor of the Mandarin Oriental hotel, located in the Central district of Hong Kong Island.[63] He left a suicide note saying that he had been suffering from depression.[64][65][66][67][68][69]
"Depression! Many thanks to all my friends. Many thanks to Professor Felice Lieh-Mak (麥列菲菲) (Cheung's last psychiatrist). This year has been so tough. I can't stand it anymore. Many thanks to Tong Tong (nickname for Cheung's boyfriend Daffy Tong). Many thanks to my family. Many thanks to Sister Fei (沈殿霞). In my life I have done nothing bad. Why does it have to be like this?"
— Leslie Cheung's suicide note (translation)
After the jumping, an informant told police that "someone fainted on the roadside", resulting only ambulances arrived at the scene and did not attract a large number of reporters, thus there were no photos of the scene.[70]
The news of Cheung's death shocked the Chinese community worldwide.[71][72][73][74][75][76] The day after Cheung's death, his partner Daffy Tong confirmed that Cheung had been suffering from clinical depression and had been seeing Professor Felice Lieh Mak for treatment for almost a year. He also revealed that Cheung had previously attempted suicide in November 2002.[77]
Despite the epidemic of SARS and the WHO's warning on travelling to Hong Kong, tens of thousands attended Cheung's memorial service on 7 April 2003, including celebrities and fans from mainland China, Taiwan, Korea, Japan, Southeast Asia, the United States, and Canada. Cheung's funeral was held on 8 April 2003. Three of Cheung's friends, director Tsui Hark, lyricist James Wong, and singer Jacky Cheung, delivered eulogies. Tsui Hark, Jacky Cheung, Stanley Kwan, Eddie Lau, Tony Leung Ka-Fai, Lin Xi, Lau Chun-Ho, and Law Kin-Kei served as pallbearers. Cheung was buried in Po Fook Hill, Shatin. His final album, Everything Follows the Wind (一切隨風), was released three months after his death.
Taiwanese writer Li Ao claimed in a 2003 TV program that Cheung died by suicide due to AIDS, but the accuracy of this statement has been questioned.[78] In a 2012 interview, Cheung's eldest sister, Ophelia, stated Cheung was diagnosed with clinical depression caused by a chemical imbalance in the brain.[79] She mentioned that reporters were frequently found outside her brother's home, hampering his ability to visit his doctor. Thus, he would come over to her house to consult with his doctor. He would ask his sister, "Why am I depressed? I have money and so many people love me." He was reluctant to take medication for his depression.[80]
Many memorial events were held over the years since Cheung's passing, including the memorial concerts in 2003, 2008, 2013, and 2023 organized by Cheung's agent Florence Chan. In 2013, Cheung became the first contemporary celebrity to be included in the Cihai.[81] The same year, Cheung's fans set a Guinness World Record in 2013 for the largest origami crane exhibition by creating 1,956,921 origami cranes, a tribute to his birth date.[82] In 2018, 55383 Cheungkwokwing, a main-belt asteroid discovered by Bill Yeung at the Desert Eagle Observatory in 2003, was named in memory of Cheung.
On the other hand, the proliferation of memorial events has attracted scrutiny and doubts over commercialization and opacity of revenues.[83] Cheung's agent Florence Chan faced criticism in 2013 for her much-hyped revelation of an important secret about Cheung at the year's memorial concert, which turned out to be a dream she had about Cheung telling her he could finally rest. [84][85] Chinese writer Han Songluo commented then: “In the ten years of commemorating Leslie Cheung, what we observe is an exhaustive Leslie Cheung Commemorating Contest, where the focus is not on commemoration but on novelty. It must feature new information, new developments, and new perspectives.”[86] In 2023, concerns about overexploitation were raised again when two memorial concerts, organized by Chan and Universal Music, Cheung's agent and label respectively, took place on the same day of April 1 in Hong Kong, featuring separate groups of celebrities covering his songs.[87]
Awards and nominations
[edit]This section needs additional citations for verification. (November 2017) |
RTHK Top 10 Gold Songs Awards (十大中文金曲)
[edit]Year | Category | Recipient | Result |
---|---|---|---|
1984 | Top 10 Gold Songs | "Monica[88]" | Won |
1985 | "Wild Wind" (不羈的風) | Won | |
1986 | "Past Love" (當年情) | Won | |
1987 | "Sleepless Night" (無心睡眠) | Won | |
Best CD | Summer Romance | Won | |
Sales Award (Best-Selling Album of the Year) | Won | ||
1988 | Top 10 Gold Songs | "Silence is Golden" (沉默是金) | Won |
"Don't Need Too Much" (無需要太多) | Won | ||
IFPI Award | Leslie Cheung (張國榮) | Won | |
1999 | Top 10 Gold Songs | "Left Right Hand" (左右手) | Won |
Golden Needle Award (金針獎) | Leslie Cheung (張國榮) | Won | |
2000 | Top 10 Gold Songs | "Big Heat" (大熱) | Won |
2002 | Silver Jubilee Award | Leslie Cheung (張國榮) | Won |
Jade Solid Gold Best Ten Music Awards (十大勁歌金曲頒獎典禮)
[edit]Year | Category | Recipient | Result |
---|---|---|---|
1983 | Top 10 Gold Songs | "Wind Blows On" (風繼續吹) | Nominated |
1984 | "Monica" | Won | |
1985 | "Wild Wind" (不羈的風) | Won | |
1986 | "Past Love" (當年情) | Won | |
"Who Resonates With Me" (有誰共鳴) | Won | ||
Gold Song Gold Award (金曲金獎) | Won | ||
1987 | Top 10 Gold Songs | "Sleepless Night" (無心睡眠) | Won |
Gold Song Gold Award (金曲金獎) | Won | ||
1988 | Top 10 Gold Songs | "Silence is Golden"(沉默是金) | Won |
"Closer" (贴身) | Won | ||
Most Popular Male Artist (最受歡迎男歌星) | Leslie Cheung (張國榮) | Won | |
1989 | Top 10 Gold Songs | "Starting from Zero" (由零開始) | Won |
Most Popular Male Artist (最受歡迎男歌星) | Leslie Cheung (張國榮) | Won | |
1999 | Honours Award (榮譽大獎) | Won | |
2000 | Four Channel Award (Best Album of the Year) | Untitled | Won |
Honours Award (榮譽大獎) | Leslie Cheung (張國榮) | Won |
Other music awards
[edit]Year | Award | Category | Recipient | Result |
---|---|---|---|---|
1988 | Ultimate Song Chart Awards | Ultimate Male Artist Gold Award | Leslie Cheung (張國榮) | Won |
1989 | Won | |||
IFPI Award | Side Face (側面) | Won | ||
1999 | Ultimate Song Award (No. 1 Song of the Year) | "Left Right Hand"(左右手) | Won | |
Metro Radio Hit Music Awards | Metro Radio Hit Song of the Year | Won | ||
Metro Radio Top 10 Hit Songs | Won | |||
2000 | CCTV-MTV Music Honours | Asia's Biggest Superstar | Leslie Cheung (張國榮) | Won |
2001 | Chinese Pop Music Media Awards | Best Male Singer | Won |
Hong Kong Film Awards
[edit]Year | Category | Film | Result |
---|---|---|---|
1983 | Best Actor | Nomad (烈火青春) | Nominated |
1988 | A Better Tomorrow 2 (英雄本色2) | Nominated | |
Best Original Film Song | A Chinese Ghost Story (倩女幽魂) | Nominated | |
1989 | Best Actor | Rouge (胭脂扣) | Nominated |
1991 | Days of Being Wild (阿飛正傳) | Won | |
1994 | Best Original Film Song | The Bride With White Hair (白髮魔女傳) | Nominated |
1995 | Best Actor | He's a Woman, She's a Man (金枝玉葉) | Nominated |
Best Original Film Song | Won | ||
1996 | The Phantom Lover (夜半歌聲) | Nominated | |
1997 | Best Actor | Viva Erotica (色情男女) | Nominated |
Best Original Film Song | Who's the Woman, Who's the Man? (金枝玉葉2) | Nominated | |
1998 | Best Actor | Happy Together (春光乍洩) | Nominated |
2003 | Inner Senses (異度空間) | Nominated |
Golden Horse Awards
[edit]Year | Category | Film | Result |
---|---|---|---|
1991 | Best Leading Actor | Days of Being Wild (阿飛正傳) | Nominated |
1993 | Best Original Song | The Bride With White Hair (白髮魔女傳) | Won |
1994 | He's a Woman, She's a Man (金枝玉葉) | Nominated | |
1995 | The Phantom Lover (夜半歌聲) | Nominated | |
1996 | Best Leading Actor | Temptress Moon (風月) | Nominated |
Best Original Song | Nominated | ||
Who's the Woman, Who's the Man? (金枝玉葉2) | Nominated | ||
1997 | Best Leading Actor | Happy Together (春光乍洩) | Nominated |
2000 | Double Tap (鎗王) | Nominated | |
2002 | Inner Senses (異度空間) | Nominated |
Other film awards
[edit]Year | Award | Category | Film | Result |
---|---|---|---|---|
1991 | Asia Pacific Film Festival | Best Actor | Days of Being Wild (阿飛正傳) | Nominated |
1993 | Cannes Film Festival | Best Actor | Farewell My Concubine (霸王別姬) | Nominated |
1994 | Hong Kong Film Critics Society Awards | Best Actor | Ashes of Time (東邪西毒) | Won |
Japan Film Critics Society | Farewell My Concubine | Won | ||
Venice Film Festival | Best Actor | Ashes of Time | Nominated | |
1996 | Cannes Film Festival | Best Actor | Temptress Moon (風月) | Nominated |
1997 | Cannes Film Festival | Best Actor | Happy Together (春光乍洩) | Nominated |
Ming Pao Power Academy Awards
[edit]Year | Category | Recipient | Result |
---|---|---|---|
2000 | Honorary Award | Leslie Cheung (張國榮) | Won |
Outstanding Male Singer | Won | ||
2002 | Best Actor | Inner Senses (異度空間) | Won |
Discography
[edit]Filmography
[edit]See also
[edit]References
[edit]Notes
[edit]- ^ traditional Chinese: 張國榮; simplified Chinese: 张国荣; Jyutping: Zoeng1 Gwok3-wing4
Citations
[edit]- ^ "Leslie Cheung profile". Archived from the original on 18 November 2016. Retrieved 10 November 2016.
- ^ "Leslie Cheung". IMDb. Archived from the original on 26 July 2021. Retrieved 28 April 2021.
- ^ "張國榮的愛情故事 (Leslie Cheung's Romance Story) - Cheung claimed he was 5 ft 8.5 in tall". Leslie Cheung Cyberworld. Retrieved 7 April 2023.
- ^ Lisa Oldham Stokes (2007). Historical Dictionary of Hong Kong Cinema. Scarecrow Press. p. xxvii. ISBN 978-0-8108-5520-5.
- ^ "Sina Entertainment News" (in Chinese). Xinhua News Agency. 3 April 2008. Archived from the original on 4 November 2015. Retrieved 28 March 2012.
- ^ "Sina Entertainment News". Sina Corp. Archived from the original on 20 June 2021. Retrieved 28 March 2012.
- ^ Leung 2008, p. 85.
- ^ 李雯蕊. "'Elder brother': Leslie Cheung remembered". www.chinadaily.com.cn. Retrieved 2 April 2024.
- ^ "Michael Jackson: Your number one music icon - CNN.com". www.cnn.com. Retrieved 4 April 2024.
- ^ Michel Ciment, Hubert Niogret, "Interview of Leslie Cheung", Positif no. 455/1999, Berlin, conducted on 21 February 1998
- ^ Shima 1999.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i Cheung, Leslie (1985). Leslie Cheung Autobiography (radio programme) (in Cantonese). Commercial Radio Hong Kong. The autobiography was also included in the compilation album History.His-Story (2004), Capital Artists.
- ^ a b Cribb 2003, p. 95.
- ^ a b c d Corliss, Richard (30 April 2001). "Forever Leslie". Time. Archived from the original on 30 March 2010. Retrieved 18 February 2014.
- ^ Thomas, Kevin (22 June 1997). "A Career In Full Plume". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on 22 October 2020. Retrieved 21 October 2020.
- ^ a b c Parke, Douglas (30 March 2020). "Leslie Cheung – 7 things you didn't know about the Canto-pop icon, actor and LGBT pioneer". South China Morning Post. Archived from the original on 5 April 2021. Retrieved 7 September 2020.
- ^ a b c d Chu 2017, p. 78.
- ^ "1983 Awards". International Federation of the Phonographic Industry. Archived from the original on 24 September 2015.
- ^ Chu 2017, p. 78–79.
- ^ "1984 Awards". International Federation of the Phonographic Industry. Archived from the original on 11 October 2016.
- ^ a b Stokes & Braaten 2020, p. 91.
- ^ "Nomad". Hong Kong Film Archive. Archived from the original on 22 October 2020. Retrieved 7 September 2020.
- ^ a b c d e f g h Chu 2017, p. 79.
- ^ "1984 Jade Solid Gold Awards". TVB. Archived from the original on 2 February 2008.
- ^ "1984 Gold Songs". RTHK. Archived from the original on 6 May 2008.
- ^ a b c "Gold Disc Award". International Federation of the Phonographic Industry. Archived from the original on 21 October 2020. Retrieved 7 September 2020.
- ^ Chu 2017, p. 206; Wang 2020, p. 369.
- ^ Chu 2017, p. 207.
- ^ Lok, Laramie (12 September 2018). "Happy birthday, Leslie Cheung: the Canto-pop prince's five most remarkable dancing scenes". South China Morning Post. Archived from the original on 27 October 2020. Retrieved 9 August 2020.
- ^ "7 most iconic leading men of Hong Kong's golden age of cinema". South China Morning Post. 6 October 2020. Retrieved 11 May 2024.
- ^ a b c Chu 2017, p. 80.
- ^ "Encore screening of Leslie Cheung, Anita Mui classics". The Standard. 29 August 2018. Archived from the original on 27 October 2020. Retrieved 9 July 2020.
- ^ "Leslie Cheung storms the Coliseum". TV Entertainment Times Hong Kong. 1 August 1988. Archived from the original on 23 October 2020. Retrieved 21 October 2020.
- ^ "Leslie Cheung's tearful farewell in Toronto" 張國榮巡迴告別演唱 淚灑多倫多. 香港周刊 Hong Kong Weekly. 5 October 1989. Archived from the original on 26 October 2020. Retrieved 21 October 2020.
- ^ Leung 2008, p. 87.
- ^ "1988 JSG Best Ten Awards". TVB. Archived from the original on 3 June 2013. Retrieved 16 April 2013.
- ^ "1989 JSG Best Ten Awards". TVB. Archived from the original on 5 March 2012. Retrieved 12 March 2012.
- ^ "Leslie Cheung Memorial Scholarship". Hkapa.edu. Archived from the original on 15 April 2012. Retrieved 28 March 2012.
- ^ Yingjin Zhang; Zhiwei Xiao (2002). Encyclopedia of Chinese Film. London & New York: Routledge. p. 118. ISBN 0-203-19555-8.
- ^ "芦苇:用文字在"胶片"上画画(2)_中国作家网". www.chinawriter.com.cn. Retrieved 11 May 2024.
- ^ "独家对话陈凯歌:唯一的遗憾是张国荣未得影帝". gd.sina.cn. 17 May 2017. Retrieved 11 May 2024.
- ^ "Leslie Cheung's Beloved are sold more than 300,000" Archived 14 April 2005 at the Wayback Machine, Min Pao Weekly, 28 Oct 1995, see
- ^ Achievements of Leslie Cheung Archived 13 February 2005 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ #林夕 為好友 #張國榮 譜寫出櫃之作我 填詞切換男女心態精神分裂|爆#林憶蓮 係最麻煩歌手 #王菲 #楊千嬅 有如自身皮肉?|坦言俞琤專稱夕爺不受落 真名同黃偉文有關?|#志雲飯局 #陳志雲. Retrieved 11 May 2024 – via www.youtube.com.
- ^ a b c d e f g h Chan, Natalia Sui-hung (2010). "Queering Body and Sexuality: Leslie Cheung's Gender Representation in Hong Kong Popular Culture". In Yau Ching (ed.). As Normal As Possible. HKU: Hong Kong University Press. pp. 133–149. ISBN 978-962-209-986-9. JSTOR j.ctt1xwgvm.13.
- ^ "Berlinale: 1998 Juries". berlinale.de. Archived from the original on 16 November 2018. Retrieved 14 January 2012.
- ^ "Leslie Cheung's Popularity in Korea". Tw.twent.chinayes.com. Archived from the original on 3 April 2013.
- ^ "生前经纪人披露张国荣病因:是狗仔队害死他(图)_影音娱乐_新浪网". ent.sina.com.cn. Retrieved 29 April 2024.
- ^ 為兒童癌病基金賣卡籌款 張國榮帶頭捐一百萬. 1996.12.12 蘋果日報
- ^ 东方日报
- ^ 1997--明报周刊
- ^ 经济日报
- ^ --2000太阳报
- ^ ---2000 东方日报
- ^ 張國榮「護苗」出錢出力 Archived 30 June 2013 at archive.today 2002-05-21
- ^ 2003.3.12 东方日报
- ^ "倪詩蓓現狀_張國榮女友倪詩蓓資料簡介及照片曝光【圖】-老男人繁體中文版". Alididi.info. 19 September 2010. Archived from the original on 3 September 2014. Retrieved 12 April 2013.
- ^ "Leslie Cheung: The life of a legend". Time Out: Hong Kong. 4 February 2014. Archived from the original on 7 December 2017. Retrieved 7 December 2017.
- ^ Lau, Henry (31 March 2022). "Hong Kong icon Leslie Cheung and Daffy Tong's epic love story". South China Morning Post. Retrieved 4 April 2024.
- ^ Archived at Ghostarchive and the Wayback Machine: "Leslie Cheung張國榮-罕見珍貴的日本專訪". YouTube. 22 September 2016.
- ^ Corliss, R. (2001). "Forever Leslie", Time (Asia Edition). Retrieved 17 December 2005.
- ^ 陳淑芬細說 哥哥最後電話 Archived 27 September 2017 at the Wayback Machine, Apple Daily, 29 March 2013
- ^ Corliss, R. (2003). "That old feeling: Days of being Leslie" Time magazine Asia Edition. Retrieved 17 December 2005.
- ^ Stephen Kelly, "WHY DOES IT HAVE TO BE LIKE THIS?" Leslie Cheung, 1956–2003" Archived 2 November 2005 at the Wayback Machine, 8 May 2003
- ^ "Leslie Cheung Kwok-Wing commits suicide." Archived 16 October 2013 at the Wayback Machine, Hong Kong Entertainment News in Review (2003). Retrieved 17 December 2005
- ^ "Actor Leslie Cheung 'found dead'" Archived 27 April 2006 at the Wayback Machine, BBC, 1 April 2003
- ^ "Activities to Commemorate Leslie Cheung" Archived 4 November 2015 at the Wayback Machine, Xinhua, 2 April 2005
- ^ Yu Sen-lun, "The Leslie Cheung Legend Lives on" Archived 17 March 2006 at the Wayback Machine, TaiPei Times, 10 April 2003
- ^ Bruce Einhorn, "Hong Kong: A City in Mourning" Archived 28 February 2006 at the Wayback Machine, Bloomberg BusinessWeek, 14 April 2003
- ^ "張國榮逝世20周年|前突發記者揭謎底 一個報案電話保哥哥尊嚴". HK01 (in Chinese (Hong Kong)). 1 April 2023. Archived from the original on 7 April 2023. Retrieved 2 April 2023.
- ^ Stephen Kelly, "WHY DOES IT HAVE TO BE LIKE THIS?" Leslie Cheung, 1956–2003" Archived 2 November 2005 at the Wayback Machine, 8 May 2003
- ^ "Leslie Cheung, Larger Than Life". 18 April 2008. Archived from the original on 18 April 2008. Retrieved 28 March 2012.
- ^ "Jonathan Crow, "Leslie Cheung", AOL Allmovie". Movies.aol.com. Archived from the original on 17 August 2018. Retrieved 28 March 2012.
- ^ "Leslie Cheung's Suicide" Archived 29 August 2005 at the Wayback Machine Gothamist, 3 April 2003
- ^ "Week of 5 April 2003". "Life in Legacy. Archived from the original on 14 April 2012. Retrieved 28 March 2012.
- ^ "Forty Thousands Fans Farewell Leslie Cheung in the Raining Night" Archived 4 March 2016 at the Wayback Machine, Modern Business News, 4 April 2003
- ^ Chan, Natalia Sui-hung (2010). "Queering Body and Sexuality: Leslie Cheung's Gender Representation in Hong Kong Popular Culture". In Yau Ching (ed.). As Normal As Possible. HKU: Hong Kong University Press. pp. 133–149. ISBN 978-962-209-986-9. JSTOR j.ctt1xwgvm.13.
- ^ "台湾著名文人李敖爆料:张国荣自杀因患艾滋病?". China News Service (in Chinese (China)). 15 April 2003.
- ^ 李明皙. "Leslie Cheung's depression cause was biological, according to his sister". Big5.china.com.cn. Archived from the original on 17 October 2015. Retrieved 12 April 2013.
- ^ "张国荣忧鬱揭秘 生前求助白龙王不果". Oriental Daily. Archived from the original on 15 June 2020. Retrieved 12 April 2013.
- ^ "新版《辞海》为张国荣建词条首次收录当代明星". book.sina.com.cn. Retrieved 16 May 2024.
- ^ Leslie Cheung's origami display delayed Archived 28 March 2022 at the Wayback Machine Yahoo!! Malaysia
- ^ "网友质疑陈淑芬靠张国荣赚钱 询纪念演出收入去向 -中新网". www.chinanews.com.cn. Retrieved 16 May 2024.
- ^ "张国荣重要信息是托梦?网友斥经纪人炒作无底线-中新网". www.chinanews.com.cn. Retrieved 16 May 2024.
- ^ "粉丝炮轰陈淑芬过度消费张国荣". 星洲网 Sin Chew Daily. 3 April 2013. Retrieved 16 May 2024.
- ^ "张国荣:逝者不需要花样-中国青年报". zqb.cyol.com. Retrieved 16 May 2024.
- ^ 鄧穎琪 (28 March 2023). "張國榮紀念音樂會撞期 陳淑芬否認鬧雙胞搶嘉賓:我哋唔使搶". 香港01 (in Chinese (Hong Kong)). Retrieved 16 May 2024.
- ^ 張國榮 Leslie Cheung - Monica (Official Music Video), 10 August 2021, retrieved 9 December 2022
Bibliography
[edit]- Chan, Jerry (1 July 2000). "Acts Honored at CCTV/MTV Show in China". Billboard. Vol. 112, no. 27. Nielsen Business Media. p. 62. ISSN 0006-2510.
- Chu, Yiu-Wai (2017). Hong Kong Cantopop: A Concise History. Hong Kong University Press. p. 75. ISBN 978-988-8390-58-8.
- Cribb, Tim (October 2003). "Fallen Idol". Out. Vol. 12, no. 4. Here Media. pp. 93–97. ISSN 1062-7928. Archived from the original on 28 March 2022. Retrieved 26 October 2020.
- Langlois, Tony (2017). Non-Western Popular Music. Routledge. ISBN 9781351556149.
- Leung, Helen Hok-Sze (2008). "In Queer Memory: Leslie Cheung (1956-2003)". Undercurrents: Queer Culture and Postcolonial Hong Kong. University of British Columbia Press. pp. 65–130. ISBN 978-0-7748-1469-0.
- Shima, Chitose (1999). "Leslie Cheung Interview". All About Leslie レスリー・チャンのすべて. Tokyo: Saangyo Henshu Center Co., Ltd. pp. 25–40. ISBN 4-916199-10-3.
- Stokes, Lisa Odham; Braaten, Rachel (2020). Historical Dictionary of Hong Kong Cinema. Rowman & Littlefield. ISBN 9781538120620.
- Yau, Hoi-yan (2012). "Cover Versions in Hong Kong and Japan: Reflections on Music Authenticity". Journal of Comparative Asian Development. 11 (2): 320–348. doi:10.1080/15339114.2012.732744. S2CID 155026361.
- Wang, Klavier J. (2020). Hong Kong Popular Culture: Worlding Film, Television, and Pop Music. Springer Nature. ISBN 9789811388170.
Further reading
[edit]- Simon Broughton, Mark Ellingham, World Music Volume 2: Latin and North America, Caribbean, India, Asia and Pacific, BBC Radio, 2000, ISBN 1-85828-636-0
- Kei Mori, "夢想之欠片 (Broken pieces of dreams)", Renga Shyobo Shinshya Co Ltd, Tokyo, Japan, 2004, ISBN 4-902603-55-1
- Chitose Shima, "Leslie Cheung Interview", All About Leslie, p25–40, Sangyo Henshu Center Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan, 1999, ISBN 4-916199-10-3
- Chitose Shima, Time of Leslie Cheung, Sangyo Henshu Center Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan, 2004, ISBN 4-916199-59-6
- Lisa Oldham Stokes (2007). Historical Dictionary of Hong Kong Cinema. Scarecrow Press. pp. 76–79. ISBN 978-0-8108-5520-5.
- City Entertainment Editor Committee, Leslie Cheung's Movie World 2 (1991–1995), City Entertainment, Hong Kong, 2006, ISBN 962-8114-98-0
- De Hui, Leslie Cheung's Movie Life I, II, Shanghai Bookstore Publishing House, Shanghai, 2006, ISBN 7-80678-557-4.
- Yingjin Zhang; Zhiwei Xiao (2002). Encyclopedia of Chinese Film. London & New York: Routledge. p. 118. ISBN 0-203-19555-8.
- Helen Hok-Sze Leung, "In Queer Memory: Leslie Cheung (1956-2003)" In "Undercurrents Queer Culture and Postcolonial Hong Kong", UBC Press, Vancouver, 2008, p. 85 -105, ISBN 978-0-7748-1469-0
External links
[edit]- Leslie Cheung
- 1956 births
- 2003 deaths
- 2003 suicides
- 20th-century Hong Kong male actors
- 20th-century Hong Kong male singers
- 21st-century Hong Kong male actors
- 21st-century Hong Kong male singers
- Alumni of the University of Leeds
- Bisexual male musicians
- Bisexual singers
- Bisexual songwriters
- Bisexual dancers
- Canadian bisexual male actors
- Canadian bisexual musicians
- Canadian LGBTQ singers
- Canadian LGBTQ songwriters
- Canadian LGBTQ dancers
- Canadian male actors of Hong Kong descent
- Canadian musicians of Hong Kong descent
- Cantopop singers
- Hong Kong bisexual people
- Hong Kong emigrants to Canada
- Hong Kong idols
- Hong Kong male film actors
- Hong Kong male singers
- Hong Kong male television actors
- Hong Kong male dancers
- Hong Kong Mandopop singers
- English-language singers from Hong Kong
- Hong Kong people of Hakka descent
- Hong Kong songwriters
- LGBTQ people who died by suicide
- Hong Kong LGBTQ actors
- Hong Kong LGBTQ singers
- Hong Kong LGBTQ songwriters
- Hong Kong LGBTQ dancers
- Male actors from Vancouver
- Singers from Vancouver
- Naturalized citizens of Canada
- People educated at Norwich School
- People from Kowloon
- Suicides by jumping in Hong Kong
- 20th-century Hong Kong LGBTQ people
- 21st-century Hong Kong LGBTQ people
- LGBTQ male dancers